We know water can damage and crack concrete, but other problems can create cracks in concrete as well. Most small cracks forming in concrete driveways, sidewalks, patios and foundations are caused by an uneven subsurface. This refers to the varying density of the ground under the concrete slab. The area must be properly prepared and evenly compacted. Uneven settling of the ground and weather swells, can cause small cracks over time. The best way to prevent this is of course preparing the ground to be covered with concrete, evenly compacted substrate throughout. Other reasons for cracks in concrete pavement are root growth and weather. Whatever the reason, you will need to fix the problem early to prevent a much larger, more expensive overhaul later.

To fix a small concrete crack problem you can call in a professional or if you are inclined, you can fix it yourself. To fix it yourself, you will need to follow a few simple rules to ensure the job is done properly and not lead to a much larger problem. The first step in most building and remodeling work, this being no exception, is the prep work. Most flat surfaces, i.e. driveways, patios, etc. involve filling a depression or a hole. The hole will undoubtedly have tapered edges which can cause problems for the long term durability of the patch. This is because the patching compounds thin out at the edges and can start to peel back, leaving another unsightly problem to be fixed. To prevent this, you should alter the sides of the cracks with a chisel or screwdriver. Do not forget to wear protective eye wear as well as dust mask.

For small cracks in cement (3mm or less), follow these quick instructions:

- Use the chisel or screwdriver to chip away flakes or loose concrete, and then scour the area with a steel wired brush to remove any debris. Use your garden hose to rinse the area with water.

- Mix up a small amount of concrete patching compound which can be bought at most hardware stores. Check the package to ensure the compound has a latex additive which will allow for natural expansion and contraction of concrete in hot and cold weather. If your product does not have this latex additive, you will need to add it yourself.

- Use a small putty knife to trowel the compound into the small crack.

- While the compound is still moist, smooth the surface. The compound dries very quickly, so be prepared to smooth the area quickly.

- Allow to dry thoroughly before walking or driving on it.

* Note- Do not try to fix concrete / cement in hot, sunny and breezy weather, or freezing weather. These weather conditions cause the patch compound to dry too quickly. Instead the best temperature to repair cracked concrete is about 55 degrees and overcast is your best friend. If there is sunshine, be sure to cover the treated area with a tarp to protect it from the direct sunlight.

As you can see, repairing a small crack in your concrete driveway or patio is quite simple if preparation has been done properly and you have the proper products. For anything more serious or larger than a small crack, please talk to a professional. The professional will conduct a risk assessment to ensure the crack is not a symptom of a more serious problem.